Multiply paper machine



Nov. 26 1929. I H. FZWEISS 5,737,283

MULTIPLY PAPER MACHINE Filed Nov. 121 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Flie Fla

.L INVENI'FOR NW4 9. WW 30 ;E BY 1a WW YW,

ATTORN EYS Patented Nov. 26, 1929 UNITED STATES OFFICE HOWARD r. w'EIss, or nausea, wIsooNsIN, ASSIGNOR T0 0. r. BURGESS LABORA- TORIES, me, or MA'JJIsoN, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION or DELAWARE MULTIPLY PAPER MACHINE Application filed November My invention relates to improvements in paper making machines of the cylinder type and is a continuation in part of my copending application Serial No. 139,476 filed October 4th, 1926fibrous material and method of making same. Asdisclosed in the said applination, the present invention consists of apparatus whereby thin webs of paper stock or other fibrous material may be laid down in a moist condition in overlapping folds upon a moving conveyor and means are provided for controlling the speed of the conveyor to produce a product consisting of a succession of overlapped folds which may be then com pressed into-a coherent sheet. The present invention also comprises means for creping 1 the paper stock and means for treating the webs with chemicals, fillers or other foreign materials.

It has been found to be impractical to produce thick sheets by forming a single thick web. in the same way in which thin webs are formed In the manufacture of thick fibrous sheets a multiple'cylinder machine is usually used, the.cylinders arranged in tandemand the resulting Webs superimposed upon each other to build up a sheet of desired thickness. A multiple cylinder machine represents a considerable capital investment and has the disadvantage that its tonnage capacity is large and it cannot be a profitable investment unless aconsiderable market is available to absorb a large tonnage of thick fibrous sheets.

Furthermore, it is impractical to build up boards that are more than one fourth inch in thickness on an ordinary cylinder machine because the laminated pulp web will not adhere sufiiciently to the supporting felts. In the manufacture of pulp laps, the thick fibrous sheets are usually built up by allowing the thin pulp Webs to accumulate upon a single roll. When the-desired'thickness is attained the sheet is stripped from the rollby a doctor to forms. rectangular, fibrous sheet with dimensions approximately equal to the width and circumference of the roll.

The fibrous'sheet or paper made on present.

single or multiple cylinder machines has the fibers laid down in the general direction of movement of the sheet, called the' maelnne apparatus of Figs. 1-and2;

12, 1928. Serial No. 318,957.

direction. As a result, the sheet has greater strength in the machine direction than across the sheet.

sheet, they are mixed with the pulp slurry in the vat of the wet machine. The cylinder mould then picks up both the pulp and the foreign materials from the slurry. The white water which is separated from the pulp contains a considerable amount of these foreign materials which are lost since the white water runs to waste.

It is the object of my invention to provide a machine for making a thick fibrous sheet which will necessitate only such investment cost as is commensurate with the desired quantity of production. 1

It is the object of my invention to provide a machine which, withonly one cylinder, will build up a fibrous sheet of any desired thickness; will make a heavy sheet or board with considerable elasticity and stretch; will make a smooth, uniform thick fibrous sheet less wild than a thick sheet formed on an ordi nary cylinder machine; will produce a tapered fibrous sheet which may be used for the production of tapered shingles; will'produce a fibrous sheet which has equal strength or shrinkage in both directions; will produce a fibrous sheet which has greater strength into the sheet without loss or wastage, in contrast to the large quantities of such materials now lost in the white water of present machines. 1 Other objects and advantages will become clear 'from the following description of my improved machinesfwhich'is to be taken in conjunction-with the accompanying drawings wherein:

. Fig. l'is a diagrammatic plan view of one embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2' is a vertical, sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a portionof-sheet produced by the Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic side view of another embodiment of my invention;

. the s eet laid down in accordance with the r the sheet shown in Fig. 14;

Fig. .5 is a plan view of a sheet laid down in accordance with the modifioation shown by means ofwhich the fibrous sheet is provided with a facing; 7

Fig.9 is an exaggerated section of a fibrous %heet laid down by the apparatus shown in Fig. 10 is a similar view of a fibrous sheet provided with facings'upon its upper and lower surfaces;

b Fig. 11 is a detailed view of guide mem er;

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view illustrat- 4 ing another modification of my invention;-

Fi 13 is an exaggerated sectional view of modification shown in Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a plan yiew of a tapered sheet suitable for use in roofing; 1

Fig. 15 is a transverse sectional view of Fig. 16 a plan view of a device suitable for spraying asphalt upon a fibrous web;

-" and Fig. 17 is a sectional view along theline "17.17 of Fig. 16.

My improved machine and its method of operation can best be understood byreferring to the accompanying drawings. Like nu merals indicate like parts in the severalfig- The vat 1 of a wet machine contains the slurry of water and pulp. The usual per-- forate cylinder mould 2 picks up a web of pulp whichis then carried to couch roll 3, around which felt 4 travels in the indicated direction. The wet pulp web is picked up and carried along on felt 4 from'the perfo ratecylinder mould 2 and is then pressed by press roll 5. The moist pulp web is picked up y press roll 5 and is removed therefrom by doctor 6. This pulp web may be creped bythe doctor or may be kept smooth as desired. To secure a high degree of smoothness the web may be arranged to be transferred from roll 5- to conveyor belt 7 without comingin contact with doctor 6. The pulp web 8 is then carried forward by a conveyor belt 7 which is part of a hinged reciprocating looping device'which is shown in another-position by the dotted lines in Fig. 2. creping of the web is accomplished'by adjusting the speed of conveyor belt 7 so that it 1's some'what'less than that of felt 4. The

tinct.

web is not taken away as fast as it is fed to the edge of the blade of doctor 6 and 1t crumples along transverse lines as it leaves the doctor. The crumpling action produces an effect similar to that produced by ordinary creping rolls except for the fact that the lines of creping are not so regular or dis- The ofi-take roll 9 of the hinged looping-device works at a uniform rate of speed equal to the travel of belt 7 along a guide .10 and distributes the pulp web 8 across the conveyor 11 as shown. Guide 10 is positioned'parallel to the plane-of conveyor 11.' Roll 12 serves to keep conveyor belt 7 taut and directs the return trayel of belt 7 along a path which is at all times as nearly as possible equal in length to that of the forward path. Roll 12 is so located with respect to the roll 12 above it that the forwardly moving and returning portions of belt 7 are maintained, substantially parallel to each other. The end rolls 9 and 9' are connected to the intermediate rolls 12 and 12 by bars (not shown) which permit the intermediate rolls to reciprocate with ofi'take 'roll 9 but in a direction nearly at right angles to the di rection of movement of off-take roll 9. The receiving and deliverv ends of belt 7, when measurements are made along the path of the web, are thus equallydistant from each other for all positions of the delivery end. Since the delivery end of belt 7 is at all times the same distance from conveyor 11, the point of deposition of the web upon conveyor 11 is always equally distant from the receivin end of belt 7.- The wet web is thus delivere by the feed device at the same speed as its point of deposition moves relative to conveyor 11 and there is no accumulation of web at some points or stretching and tearing at I others. In Fig. 4 the inclination of thewebs is greatly exaggerated andthe surface of the webs is practically parallel to that of conveyor 11. Without this nice arrangement of equipment it is impossible to handle wet. webs without wrinkling or rupture unless a variable and diflicultly obtained compensating motion is imparted 'to ofi-take roll 9 by means of cams. In Figs. 1 and 2 the pulp web is distributed transversely on the conveyorll which is moving in the direction of the arrow of Fig. 1. In Fig. 4 the conveyor belt is moving parallel to the direction of the pulp web 8. The pulp web, when laid down transversely to the conveyor 11 of Figs. 1 and 2 forms a series of overlappingv folds ofpulp as illustrated in Fig. 3. These folds may be cut at the folded edges or may be usedin the form shown. The folded edges 7 come .atthe' edge of the fibrous sheet but are not parallel to it and must be trimmed. The fibers when laid down transversely are at an angle greater than 45 to the machine direction of the conveyor :11,and are substantially at right anglesto it. A ifibrous rection by the machine of Fig. 4, the foldededges are across the sheet as shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 'Z. The cross sectional appearance of a sheet of this type is illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 and at 17 of Fig. 4. The folds of pulp web made by this method extend fromone surface of the fibrous sheet diagonally through to the other surface.

The fibrous sheet, formed by laying down -the folds of pulp web either parallel or transversely to the direction of the conveyor 11,

or in any other predetermined manner as may seem deslrable, usually passes through a-continuous press 13, which may be in the form of press-rolls. This operation compresses the 2 loosely piled overlapping folds of pulp web into a homogeneous and coherent moist fibrous sheet. If the paper has been creped by doctor 6, the pressure of rolls or other press 13 interlocks the creped paper surfaces to form a fibrous sheet in whichthe overlapping folds adhere at their surfaces'with greater tenacity than when the moist webs are not creped. For some purposes, as for absorbent pads, the overlapping folds of pulp webneed .30 not be pressed together, but may retain the appearance of Fig. 6. The moist fibrous sheet may either be dried or be used as a moist pulp product without drying after leaving the continuous press 13. If it is desirable to dry the fibrous sheet after leaving the continuous, press 13, the sheet then passes through drier 1 1, after which it may pass through the trimmer 15' and cutter 16. Paper made in this v manner has all of the desirable properties of paper made in the ordinary manner by a mul- "up so that the sheet is tapered in cross section ti-ple cylinder machine and if the constituent webs have been creped it has, in addition, some of the elasticity of the constituent creped webs. My invention relates particularly to the machine for making a coherent fibrous sheet by buildingup a series of moist overlapping folds of pulp web and then pressing them into a. homogeneous sheet.

The conveyor 11 may receiue overlapping 5o folded pulp webs from more than one machine and thereby'build up the same thickness of fibrous sheet in a shorter time. This method may be used to make pulp laps, thereby eliminating roll skinners and a portion ofthe labor necessary to take off and fold the finished laps. The second series of overlapping folds of pulp web may be laid at right angles to the first series, thereby making a fibrous sheet which has approximately equal strength in both directions. The two or more constituent pulp webs may also be of different types of fibers, thereby making a composite paper.

An apparatus for laying down two series of overlapping folds of pulp web is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 12 of the drawings.

In this construction the conveyor 7 of the ated by suitable means, such as a cam (noti sho V n) to intermittently swing through the arc indicated by the dotted lines. Arm 19 is of suficient length to permit the take-0E roll v 9 to reciprocate in a plane substantially par allel to the plane of conveyor 11. The sheet formed is shown in Fig. 13 in which the folds formed by the looping device 7 are shown at 20 1 arranged within the folds 21 formed by the longitudinally extending looping de- 'vice 18. 1 I

It is also possible to face the fibrous sheet with a similar or different type of pulp web.

The fibrous sheet may be faced by,laymg a moist pulp web ofthe desired surfacing Ina-- terial on conveyor 11 of Fig. 8, then supporting the overlapping fdlded pulp web 8 on it. The moist pulp web is laid on conveyor 11 preferably by means of a surfacing mould vat 22 and a couch roll 23. The couch roll 23 delivers the web to a belt "24:, which is-provided with a press roll 25 anddoctor 26. The

product is shown in Fig. 9 having a facing 27.. A similar facing 28 may be secured to the other surface of the sheet as shown in Fig 10 of the drawings. The surfacing material may be of Webs. If desired, the fibrous sheet may be built difi'erent stock than the folded pile up at this point; another is to have additional folds of pulp web distributed at one side of the conveyor belt 11 and thereby building up thicker sectitans at this point. A sheet of this. character is shown in Figs. 14'

' and 15 of the drawings. The additional folds 29 and 30 may be laid-between the folds forming the main body of the sheet by apparatus of the type shown in Figs. 11 and 12, and if desired, the stroke of the auxiliary looping devices maybe varied to provide additional loops varying in size.

thereby allowing more folds of pulp web to i If the machine shown'in Figs. land 2 is used, the width of the fibrous sheet may be changed easily by varying the travel of the reciprocating looperbn the guide '10. This may be done without any change in the caproper adhesion pacity of the wet end of the machine. The advantages of'this feature will be apparent to those skilled in the art. When using the machine shown in Fig. 4, it is necessary to vary the width of the pulp web in order to secure sheets of corresponding width.

Chemicals, fillers or other foreign substances may be incorporated in the fibrous sheet without introducing these materials into the pulp slurry in vat 1.. These chemicals may be incorporated by sprinkling or spraying the desired material in finely divided form or in solution on the pulp web 8 after leaving either the couch roll 3 or press roll 5, preferably the latter. The pulp web may also pass through a solution of the desired chemicals before being laid down on conveyor 11. If the pulp web is creped, fillers may be incorporatedto better advantage than when the pulp web remains smooth. By this method none of the foreign materials are lostin the white water from cylinder mould 2. Although my improved fibrous sheet does not require any adhesive for the between the overlapping pulpfolds it may be desirable for certain conditions to size the sheet. The size can be incorporated on the pulp web 8 as hereinbeforedescribed. Water resistant compounds such as asphalt, whlch is used 1n manufacturing shingles, may-be readily incorporated in my improved fibrous sheet by dusting or sprinkling these compounds preferably in finely di vided form on the pulp web 8. Better adhesion of asphalt upon the wet web is secured if a small amo unt has been previously incorporated. as by mixing into the slurry in vat 1. A' suitable device 31 for spraying asphalt upon the fibrous web is shown in Fig. 2 and is illustrated in detail in Figs. 16 and 17. A suitable container 32. preferably of metal, is adapted to be heated, as by.means ofssteam coils. (not shown) and is supplied with asphalt from a suitable source of supply. Two of the sides of container 32 converge toward the bottom'where a metal pipe 33 is secured as by welding, to the sides. Pipe 33 is perforated in its uppermost and lowermost portions along its length to provide holes 34. WVithin pipe 33 is rod 35 which is free to revolve and which is provided with holes 36 extending threthrough. Holes 36 are arranged to register with holes 34 inpipe 33. A short rod 37 pierces rod 35 and provides means for the manual operation of the'former. The hot asphalt flows in streams from the bottom of container 32. The rod 36 serves as a valve to regulate the rate or to stop the flow entirely. In Fig. 17 the rod is shown in a position in which the holes 36 do not register exactly with holes 34. Such an adjust ment results in a diminished flow of asphalt from container 32. Other foreign materials,

such as sodium silicate possessing characteristics such as viscosity, different from asphalt, requires a different means for spraying upon the pulp webs.

The overlapping pulp folds containing the water-resistant compound or asphalt are then passed through heated pulp and melt the water-resistant compound and thereby thoroughly saturate the fibrous sheet or board which may be of tapered cross section, The board may be given a further coating of water-resistant compound followed by a layer of crushed rock to' complete a stock suitable to be cut into shingles.

Throughout the claims the term folds is used to define, not only the folded edge, but the entire overlapping portions formed by each reciprocation of the looping device; and the term edge when used in conjunction with folds is intended to mean either the folded edge or loop, or the non-folded side edge of the portion of the web forming the folds.

It is the aim of the foregoing specification to describe a practicable embodiment of my invention without including details of design or structure. Where such detailsappear, they are understood to be merely illustrative rather'than to limit the scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a machine of the character described,

' means for laying down overlapping folds of succession of folds into a coherent sheet.

4. In a machine for making a fibrous sheet, the combination of means for creping a moist pulp web, means for laying down said pulp web in overlapping folds, and means for pressing said folds into a coherent sheet.

5. In a multi-ply paper machine of the cylinder type, means forlaying down overlapping folds of moist, pulp web upon a moving conveyor.

6. In a machine for making a thick sheet of paper in continuous lengths, the combination of means for laying down overlapping folds of a thin moist paper web, means for spacing said individual folds from each other and mea s for pressing said succession of folds intoa coherent sheet.

7. In a machine for making a thick sheet of paper from a single thin -pulp web, the combination of means for laying down overlapping folds of a thin moist pulp web, means for spacing said individual folds in the machine direction of the finished sheet, and means for pressing said' succession of folds into a coherentsheet. J

8. In a machine for making a fibrous sheet,

press rolls to dry the the combination of means for creping a moist pulp web, means for laying down said creped pulp web in overlapping folds, means for spacing said folds in the machine direction of the finished sheet and means for pressing said folds into a coherent sheet.

9. In a machine for making a fibrous sheet,

the combination of means for laying down overlapping folds of a thin pulp web in a direction transverse to the machine direction of the finished sheet, means for spacing said individual folds'in the machine direction of the finished sheet, ,and means for pressing said pulp folds into' a coherent sheet.

10. In a machine for making a fibrous sheet, the combination of means for laying down overlapping folds of thin pulp web, means for pressing said folds into a coherent sheet, and means for drying said pressed sheet.

11 In a machine for making a fibrous sheet, the combinationofmeans for creping a moist pulp web, means for laying down said creped pulp web in overlapping folds, means for pressing said folds into a coherent sheet, and

a means for drying said pressed sheet.

12. In a machine for making a continuous fibrous sheet, the combination of means for laying down two or more moist pulp webs in overlapping folds and means for pressing said folds. into a coherent sheet.

13. In a machine for making a faced fibrous sheet, the combination of means for laying down. overlapping folds of thin pulp web, means for facing said folds with a continuous moist pulp web, and means for pressing said web into a coherent sheet.

14. In a machine for making a fibrous sheet having a tearing strength approximately equal in both directions, the combination of means for laying down overlapping folds of moist pulp web in a direction transverse to the machine direction of the finished sheet, and means for simultaneously laying down overlapping folds of pulp web in a direction parallel to the machinedirection of the finished sheet. I

15. In a machine for making a fibrous sheet containing a foreign substance, the combination of means for treating moist pulp web with a desired foreign substance, means for laying down said treated Web'in overlapping folds, and means for pressing said folds into a coherent sheet.

16. In a machine for making a fibrous sheet containing a foreign substance, the combination of means for spraying or dusting a foreign substance upon moist pulp web, means for laying down said web in overlapping folds, and means for pressing said folds into a coherent sheet.

1' 7. In a machine for making a water-resistant fibrous sheet, the combination of means for treating moist pulp Web with fine- 1y divided water-resistant material, means for laying down said treated web in overlapping folds, means for heating and pressing said flolds into a dry, coherent, Water-resistant s ieet. n

18. A machine for making fibrous sheets comprising in combination, means for forming moist pulp web, means for treating said Web with foreign substances, means forpress ing together the opposite faces of said web to increase the density thereof, means for laying down said moist web in a continuous succession of overlapping folds, means for regularly spacing said individual folds in the machine direction of the finished sheet, means for compressing said folds of moist web into a coherent sheet, means for drying said compressed sheet, means for side-trimming the edges of said dried sheet, and means for cutting said sheet into lengths. I

I 19. A machine for making a water-resistant fibrous sheet comprising in combination, means for forming moist web of pulp and finely divided asphalt, means for spraying additional asphalt upon said moist vweb,. 2

means for laying down said asphalt treated web in a succession of overlapping folds, and means for heating and pressing said overlappulp web to said conveyor and form over lapping folds of said web on said conveyor.

22. In a multi-ply paper machine of the cylinder type, the combination of a moving conveyor and a reciprocating feed -device adapted to deliver a moist pulp Web to said conveyor in overlapping folds.

23. In a multi-ply paper machine of the cylinder type, the combination of a moving conveyor and a reciprocating feed device ping folds to dry, bind, and saturate said I i ,folds with said asphalt to form a coherent,

,105 conveyor, and means for delivering a moist adapted to deliver a moist pulp web to said conveyor in overlapping folds, means for maintainpng equal the rate at which said feed device delivers said web and the rate at which the point-of delivery of said web moves relative to said conveyor.

24. In a multi-ply paper machine of the cylinder type, the combination of a moving conveyor and a reciprocating feed device adapted to deliver a moist pulp web to said conveyor in overlapping folds, said feed device having a receiving end, means for maintaining said receiving end and the point-of depositionof said web upon said conveyor stantially parallel to tain saidreceiving end and the point of each other, as measured equally distant from for all positions of said along the pul web, feed device. P I 25. In a multi-ply paper machine of the cylinder type, conveyor and liver a moist pulp web to said conveyor in overlapping folds, said feed device comprising an endless belt having a fixed receiving end and a reciprocating delivery end, an means for maintaining the'forwardly moving and return portions of said belt subeach other to maindeposition of said web upon said conveyor equally *along the pulp web for all positions of said feed device.

26. In a multi-ply paper machine of the/ cylinder type, the combination of a moving conveyor and a reciprocating feed device adapted to deliver a moist pulp web to said conveyor in overlapping folds,'means for maintaining equal the rate of delivery of said web from said device and the rate at which the point of delivery of said web moves relative to said conveyor, said means comprising the combination of a fixed receiving roll, a delivery roll reciprocating in a plane parallel to said conveyor, intermediate rolls rigidly spaced from said to the direction of movement of said delivery roll and an endless belt guided upon said rolls so that forwardly moving and returning portions thereof are substantially parallel to each other at'all positions.

' In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

HOWARD F. wEIss;

the combination of a moving a feed device adapted to dedistant from each other as measured receiving and delivery rolls and reciprocating at nearly right angles 

